NPs: Nanoparticles NMs: Nanomaterials MNPs: Magnetic nanoparticles MNMs: Magnetic nanomaterials ITO: Indium tin oxide PEI: Polyethyleneimine ssDNA: Single-stranded DNA dsDNA: Double-stranded DNA gDNA: Genomic DNA Gal: Galactose tGel: Thiolated gelatin AuNCs: Gold nanoclusters AuNPs: Gold nanoparticles GO: Graphene oxide PIL: Polymer ionic liquid MNP@Ny6: Magnetic nanoparticles and nylon 6 CPBA-MNPs: Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle functionalized with 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid SA: Salicylic acid pDNA: Plasmid DNA oMWCNT@Fe 3 O 4 : Magnetic oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes NAaP: Acid-related protein ASEA: Accelerated denaturation bubbles mediated strand exchange amplification UCNPs: Lanthanide ion-doped upconversion NPs CuAAC: Copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition SPAAC: Strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition EDC: N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N-ethylcarbodiimide NHS: N-hydroxysuccinimide This work was supported by Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project (2023ZD04061, 2022ZD04020), National Natural Science Foundation of China (32402239, 31200944), Science and Technology Project of Jilin Provincial Department of Education (JJKH20230802KJ), the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of CAAS (CAAS-ASTIP-IQSTAP-2025), IQSTAP- 2023-Funding (No

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