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There are two situations here, namely short-term stress and long-term stress

Notably, animal models have demonstrated that transferring dysbiotic microbiota from CFS/ME patients to germ-free mice can induce fatigue-like behaviors, supporting a causal role for the microbiome in disease pathogenesis (Bansal et al., 2025)

Tariot PN, Farlow MR, Grossberg GT, Graham SM, McDonald S, Gergel I, et al

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Hernndez-Hernndez OT, Martnez-Mota L, Herrera-Prez JJ, Jimnez-Rubio G (2018) Role of estradiol in the expression of genes involved in serotonin neurotransmission: implications for female depression

The finding reframes a supposedly purely beneficial nutrient as also a microbial energy source with a possible dark side